Linux에서 date 명령어 사용법
> 현재 시간
% date
Tue Jul 27 18:45:22 KST 2021
> STRING input과 원하는 output 얻는 방법
% date --date='2021-06-30T05:03:02Z' +"%M %D %h %C %Y %s"
03 06/30/21 Jun 20 2021 1625029382
> timestamp 값을 입력값으로 하기
% date --date='@2147483647'
Tue Jan 19 12:14:07 KST 2038
> help 예제(1)
% TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date
Mon Jul 26 23:59:28 PDT 2021
> help 예제(2)
% date --date='TZ="America/Los_Angeles" 09:00 next Fri'
Sat Jul 31 01:00:00 KST 2021
> 잘못된 예제
% date --date='62' +"%s"
date: invalid date ‘62’
> timestamp 넣을 때 꼭 @ 넣을 것
% date --date='@62'
Thu Jan 1 09:01:02 KST 1970
> 62초는 1분 (나머지 초는 버려짐)
% date --date='@62' +%M
01
> 62초는 1분 이며 %s의 경우 동일하게 초가 표기됨
% date --date='@62' +"%M %s"
01 62
> 100초는 1분 (나머지 초는 버려짐)
% date --date='@100' +"%M %s"
01 100
> 59초는 0분 (나머지 초는 버려짐)
% date --date='@59' +"%M %s"
00 59
* 다양하게 input 과 output을 조절해 가면서 date 명령어를 사용해 볼 수 있습니다.
Bash Script 에서 date 사용 예제
- 파일에서 시간 정보 값을 읽어와 date로 시간 값을 계산이 가능한 형태로 변경하여 활용하는 부분
,,, 생략 ,,,
time1=0
time2=0
time2_s=0
count=1
while IFS= read -r line
do
# 파일에서 읽어온 값의 , 으로 구분된 6번째 인자는 2021-06-30T05:22:04Z 형태의 값!
time2=$(echo $line | cut -d"," -f 6)
# 읽어온 2021-06-30T05:22:04Z 값을 timestamp 형태로 변경해 time2_s에 저장
time2_s=`date --date=$time2 +"%s"`
# time1이 0보다 큰 경우에만 아래 명령어를 수행함. (맨 처음에만 수행 안함)
if [ "$time1" -gt "0" ]; then
# timestamp 값 차이를 timediff에 저장
let timediff=$time2_s-$time1
# timediff가 70초 보다 작으면
if [ "$timediff" -lt "70" ]; then
let count+=1 # count값 증가
else
count=1 #초기화
fi
fi
time1=$time2_s # 다음 값과 비교를 위해 time1에 저장해줌
fi
done < $csv_input # input 파일
,,, 생량 ,,,
date --help
답은 항상 help 안에 있습니다.
* 아래는 위 캡쳐된 내용과 동일합니다. 검색시 활용하세요.
% date --help Usage: date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT] or: date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]] Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -d, --date=STRING display time described by STRING, not 'now' -f, --file=DATEFILE like --date once for each line of DATEFILE -I[TIMESPEC], --iso-8601[=TIMESPEC] output date/time in ISO 8601 format. TIMESPEC='date' for date only (the default), 'hours', 'minutes', 'seconds', or 'ns' for date and time to the indicated precision. -r, --reference=FILE display the last modification time of FILE -R, --rfc-2822 output date and time in RFC 2822 format. Example: Mon, 07 Aug 2006 12:34:56 -0600 --rfc-3339=TIMESPEC output date and time in RFC 3339 format. TIMESPEC='date', 'seconds', or 'ns' for date and time to the indicated precision. Date and time components are separated by a single space: 2006-08-07 12:34:56-06:00 -s, --set=STRING set time described by STRING -u, --utc, --universal print or set Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit FORMAT controls the output. Interpreted sequences are: %% a literal % %a locale's abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Sun) %A locale's full weekday name (e.g., Sunday) %b locale's abbreviated month name (e.g., Jan) %B locale's full month name (e.g., January) %c locale's date and time (e.g., Thu Mar 3 23:05:25 2005) %C century; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 20) %d day of month (e.g., 01) %D date; same as %m/%d/%y %e day of month, space padded; same as %_d %F full date; same as %Y-%m-%d %g last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G) %G year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V %h same as %b %H hour (00..23) %I hour (01..12) %j day of year (001..366) %k hour, space padded ( 0..23); same as %_H %l hour, space padded ( 1..12); same as %_I %m month (01..12) %M minute (00..59) %n a newline %N nanoseconds (000000000..999999999) %p locale's equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known %P like %p, but lower case %r locale's 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM) %R 24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M %s seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC %S second (00..60) %t a tab %T time; same as %H:%M:%S %u day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday %U week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53) %V ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53) %w day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday %W week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53) %x locale's date representation (e.g., 12/31/99) %X locale's time representation (e.g., 23:13:48) %y last two digits of year (00..99) %Y year %z +hhmm numeric time zone (e.g., -0400) %:z +hh:mm numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00) %::z +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00) %:::z numeric time zone with : to necessary precision (e.g., -04, +05:30) %Z alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT) By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes. The following optional flags may follow '%': - (hyphen) do not pad the field _ (underscore) pad with spaces 0 (zero) pad with zeros ^ use upper case if possible # use opposite case if possible After any flags comes an optional field width, as a decimal number; then an optional modifier, which is either E to use the locale's alternate representations if available, or O to use the locale's alternate numeric symbols if available. Examples: Convert seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01 UTC) to a date $ date --date='@2147483647' Show the time on the west coast of the US (use tzselect(1) to find TZ) $ TZ='America/Los_Angeles' date Show the local time for 9AM next Friday on the west coast of the US $ date --date='TZ="America/Los_Angeles" 09:00 next Fri' |
GNU coreutils online help: http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/
Coreutils - GNU core utilities
Coreutils - GNU core utilities The GNU Core Utilities are the basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities of the GNU operating system. These are the core utilities which are expected to exist on every operating system. Getting Help Check Questions an
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Report date translation bugs to http://translationproject.org/team/
For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'date invocation'
Translation teams
Last updated on 2021-07-27 09:42 +0200.
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